The global Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices market size in 2023 is xx million US dollars, and it is expected to be xx million US dollars by 2030, with a compound annual growth rate of xx% expected in 2024-2030.
MARKET COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE:
The main players in the Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices market include Roche Holding Ltd.(Switzerland), Abbott Laboratories(US), Siemens Healthcare(Germany), Agilent Technologies Inc(Germany), and Illumina Inc.(US). The share of the top 3 players in the Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices market is xx%.
REGION SHARE:
The report covers the market size information of North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa, and North America accounted for xx%, Europe accounted for xx% of Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices market, and Asia Pacific accounted for xx%.
SEGMENT OVERVIEW:
The report segments the market by Type and Application. Next Generation Sequencing accounted for xx% of Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices market in 2023. qPCR & Multiplexing share of xx%.
Biomarker Development accounted for xx% of the Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices market in 2023. CTC Analysis accounts for xx%.
This Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices market report provides detailed information on latest developments, trade regulations, value chain optimization, market share, impact of domestic and local market players, analyzes emerging revenue sources, market regulation changes Opportunities in Aspects, Strategic Market Growth Analysis, Market Size, Category Market Growth, Application Areas and Dominance, Product Approvals, Product Launches, Geographic Expansion, Technological Innovations in the Market.
Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices market country level analysis
The countries covered in the Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices market report include the United States, Canada, Germany, United Kingdom, France, Russia, Japan, China, India, South Korea, Brazil, UAE, Saudi Arabia, etc.
The presence and availability of global brands and challenges due to intense or scarce competition from local and domestic brands, and trade routes are also considered while providing the predictive analysis of country data.
Competitive Landscape and Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Market Share Analysis
Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices market competitive landscape provides details by competitors. The detailed information includes company profile, company financials, revenue generated, market potential, R&D investments, new market plans, global reach. The data points presented above relate only to companies relevant to the Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices market.
Chapter Outline
Chapter 1: Introduces the product overview, market scope, product classification, and application division, and then includes research purposes, report timeline, and economic analysis of global regions.
Chapter 2: Analyzes the Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices manufacturing cost, including raw material analysis, manufacturing cost structure, and industrial chain.
Chapters 3-8: Provide Global, North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America and Middle East & Africa Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices market type, application and country market segmentation data.
Chapters 9-10: Segmented the global Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices market by type, and application. Analyze the revenue, sales and price of market segments from different perspectives.
Chapter 11: Introduces the market dynamics, the trends factors and drivers factors of the market, and the challenges and restraints faced by manufacturers in the industry, and includes industry mergers & acquisitions and industry new entrants and expansion plans.
Chapter 12: Analyzes the Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices industry chain, including marketing channels, distributors and major downstream buyers.
Chapter 13: Analyzes the main companies in the Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices industry, including their main businesses, products/services, sales, prices, revenue and gross margin.
Chapter 14: The main points and conclusions of the report.
Highlights-Regions
North America
United States
Canada
Asia Pacific
China
Japan
Korea
Southeast Asia
India
Australia
Europe
Germany
France
UK
Italy
Russia
Spain
Nordic
Latin America
Brazil
Argentina
Colombia
Mexico
Middle East & Africa
Egypt
South Africa
Israel
Turkey
GCC Countries
Player list
Roche Holding Ltd.(Switzerland)
Abbott Laboratories(US)
Siemens Healthcare(Germany)
Agilent Technologies Inc(Germany)
Illumina Inc.(US)
Becton Dickinson and Co.(US)
QIAGEN N.V.(Germany)
Affymetrix Inc.(US)
Johnson & Johnson(US)
Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.(US)
GE Healthcare(England)
Life Technologies Corp.(US)
Luminex Corp.(US)
Cepheid Inc.(US)
Allegro Diagnostics Corp.(Brazil)
Types list
Next Generation Sequencing
qPCR & Multiplexing
Lab-on- a- chip (LOAC)
Protein Microarrays
DNA Microarrays
Reverse Transcriptase-PCR (RT-PCR)
Application list
Biomarker Development
CTC Analysis
Proteomic Analysis
Epigenetic Analysis
Genetic Analysis
List of Tables and Figures
Figure Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Picture
Table Product Definition of Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices
Table Global Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Market Size by Type (2024 VS 2030)
Table Global Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Market Size by Application (2024 VS 2030)
Figure Price Trend of Key Raw Materials
Table Key Suppliers of Raw Materials
Table Raw Materials Analysis
Table Labor Cost Analysis
Table Manufacturing Expenses Analysis
Figure Manufacturing Process Analysis of Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices
Figure Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Industrial Chain Analysis
Figure Global Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Revenue Market Size & Forecast (2019-2030)
Figure Global Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Sales Market Size & Forecast (2019-2030)
Table Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Market Size by Regions: 2019 VS 2024 VS 2030
Table Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Historic Revenue Market Size by Regions (2019-2024)
Table Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Historic Revenue Market Share by Regions (2019-2024)
Table Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Historic Sales Market Size by Regions (2019-2024)
Table Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Historic Sales Market Share by Regions (2019-2024)
Table Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Forecasted Revenue Market Size by Regions (2024-2030)
Table Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Forecasted Revenue Market Share by Regions (2024-2030)
Table Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Forecasted Sales Market Size by Regions (2024-2030)
Table Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Forecasted Sales Market Share by Regions (2024-2030)
Figure North America Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Market Size & Forecast (2019-2030)
Figure Europe Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Market Size & Forecast (2019-2030)
Figure Asia-Pacific Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Market Size & Forecast (2019-2030)
Figure Latin America Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Market Size & Forecast (2019-2030)
Figure Middle East & Africa Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Market Size & Forecast (2019-2030)
Table North America Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Revenue by Countries (2019-2030)
Table North America Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Revenue Market Share by Countries (2019-2030)
Table North America Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Sales by Countries (2019-2030)
Table North America Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Sales Market Share by Countries (2019-2030)
Table North America Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Revenue Share by Players 2023
Table North America Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Sales by Types (2019-2024)
Table North America Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Sales Market Share by Types (2019-2024)
Table North America Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Sales by Applications (2019-2024)
Table North America Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Sales Market Share by Applications (2019-2024)
Figure United States Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Revenue and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure United States Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Sales and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure Canada Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Revenue and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure Canada Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Sales and Growth (2019-2030)
Table Asia-Pacific Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Revenue by Countries (2019-2030)
Table Asia-Pacific Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Revenue Market Share by Countries (2019-2030)
Table Asia-Pacific Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Sales by Countries (2019-2030)
Table Asia-Pacific Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Revenue Market Share by Countries (2019-2030)
Table Asia Pacific Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Revenue Share by Players 2023
Table Asia Pacific Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Sales by Types (2019-2024)
Table Asia Pacific Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Sales Market Share by Types (2019-2024)
Table Asia Pacific Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Sales by Applications (2019-2024)
Table Asia Pacific Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Sales Market Share by Applications (2019-2024)
Figure China Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Revenue and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure China Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Sales and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure Japan Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Revenue and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure Japan Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Sales and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure Korea Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Revenue and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure Korea Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Sales and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure Southeast Asia Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Revenue and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure Southeast Asia Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Sales and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure India Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Revenue and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure India Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Sales and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure Australia Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Revenue and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure Australia Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Sales and Growth (2019-2030)
Table Europe Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Revenue by Countries (2019-2030)
Table Europe Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Revenue Market Share by Countries (2019-2030)
Table Europe Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Sales by Countries (2019-2030)
Table Europe Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Sales Market Share by Countries (2019-2030)
Table Europe Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Revenue Share by Players 2023
Table Europe Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Sales by Types (2019-2024)
Table Europe Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Sales Market Share by Types (2019-2024)
Table Europe Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Sales by Applications (2019-2024)
Table Europe Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Sales Market Share by Applications (2019-2024)
Figure Germany Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Revenue and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure Germany Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Sales and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure France Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Revenue and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure France Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Sales and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure UK Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Revenue and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure UK Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Sales and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure Italy Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Revenue and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure Italy Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Sales and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure Russia Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Revenue and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure Russia Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Sales and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure Spain Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Revenue and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure Spain Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Sales and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure Nordic Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Revenue and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure Nordic Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Sales and Growth (2019-2030)
Table Latin America Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Revenue by Countries (2019-2030)
Table Latin America Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Revenue Market Share by Countries (2019-2030)
Table Latin America Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Sales by Countries (2019-2030)
Table Latin America Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Sales Market Share by Countries (2019-2030)
Table Latin America Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Revenue Share by Players 2023
Table Latin America Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Sales by Types (2019-2024)
Table Latin America Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Sales Market Share by Types (2019-2024)
Table Latin America Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Sales by Applications (2019-2024)
Table Latin America Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Sales Market Share by Applications (2019-2024)
Figure Brazil Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Revenue and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure Brazil Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Sales and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure Argentina Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Revenue and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure Argentina Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Sales and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure Colombia Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Revenue and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure Colombia Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Sales and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure Mexico Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Revenue and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure Mexico Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Sales and Growth (2019-2030)
Table Middle East & Africa Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Revenue by Countries (2019-2030)
Table Middle East & Africa Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Revenue Market Share by Countries (2019-2030)
Table Middle East & Africa Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Sales by Countries (2019-2030)
Table Middle East & Africa Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Sales Market Share by Countries (2019-2030)
Table Latin America Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Revenue Share by Players 2023
Table Middle East & Africa Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Sales by Types (2019-2024)
Table Middle East & Africa Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Sales Market Share by Types (2019-2024)
Table Middle East & Africa Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Sales by Applications (2019-2024)
Table Middle East & Africa Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Sales Market Share by Applications (2019-2024)
Figure Egypt Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Revenue and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure Egypt Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Sales and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure South Africa Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Revenue and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure South Africa Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Sales and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure Israel Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Revenue and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure Israel Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Sales and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure Turkey Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Revenue and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure Turkey Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Sales and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure GCC Countries Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Revenue and Growth (2019-2030)
Figure GCC Countries Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Sales and Growth (2019-2030)
Table Global Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Revenue and Market Size by Type (2019-2024)
Table Global Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Revenue and Market Share by Type (2019-2024)
Table Global Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Sales and Market Size by Type (2019-2024)
Table Global Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Sales and Market Share by Type (2019-2024)
Table Global Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Revenue Market Size Forecast by Type (2024-2030)
Table Global Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Revenue Market Share Forecast by Type (2024-2030)
Table Global Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Sales Market Size Forecast by Type (2024-2030)
Table Global Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Sales Market Share Forecast by Type (2024-2030)
Figure Global Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Market Size and Growth by {Type 1} (2019-2030)
Figure Global Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Market Size and Growth by {Type 2} (2019-2030)
Table Global Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Revenue Market Size by Application (2019-2024)
Table Global Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Revenue Market Share by Application (2019-2024)
Table Global Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Sales Market Size by Application (2019-2024)
Table Global Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Sales Market Share by Application (2019-2024)
Table Global Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Revenue Market Size by Application (2024-2030)
Table Global Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Revenue Market Share by Application (2024-2030)
Table Global Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Sales Market Size by Application (2024-2030)
Table Global Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Sales Market Share by Application (2024-2030)
Figure Global Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Market Size and Growth by {Application 1} (2019-2030)
Figure Global Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Market Size and Growth by {Application 2} (2019-2030)
Table Market Trends Analysis
Table Market Drivers Analysis
Table Market Challenges Analysis
Table Market Restraints Analysis
Table Market Mergers & Acquisitions
Table Market New Entrants and Expansion Plans
Table Distributors of Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices with Contact Information
Table Major Customers of Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices with Contact Information
Table Roche Holding Ltd.(Switzerland) Profile
Table Product Overview
Table Roche Holding Ltd.(Switzerland) Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Sales, Price, Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Figure Roche Holding Ltd.(Switzerland) Sales and Growth Rate
Figure Roche Holding Ltd.(Switzerland) Revenue Market Share 2019-2024
Table Business Overview
Table Abbott Laboratories(US) Profile
Table Product Overview
Table Abbott Laboratories(US) Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Sales, Price, Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Figure Abbott Laboratories(US) Sales and Growth Rate
Figure Abbott Laboratories(US) Revenue Market Share 2019-2024
Table Business Overview
Table Siemens Healthcare(Germany) Profile
Table Product Overview
Table Siemens Healthcare(Germany) Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Sales, Price, Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Figure Siemens Healthcare(Germany) Sales and Growth Rate
Figure Siemens Healthcare(Germany) Revenue Market Share 2019-2024
Table Business Overview
Table Agilent Technologies Inc(Germany) Profile
Table Product Overview
Table Agilent Technologies Inc(Germany) Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Sales, Price, Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Figure Agilent Technologies Inc(Germany) Sales and Growth Rate
Figure Agilent Technologies Inc(Germany) Revenue Market Share 2019-2024
Table Business Overview
Table Illumina Inc.(US) Profile
Table Product Overview
Table Illumina Inc.(US) Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Sales, Price, Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Figure Illumina Inc.(US) Sales and Growth Rate
Figure Illumina Inc.(US) Revenue Market Share 2019-2024
Table Business Overview
Table Becton Dickinson and Co.(US) Profile
Table Product Overview
Table Becton Dickinson and Co.(US) Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Sales, Price, Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Figure Becton Dickinson and Co.(US) Sales and Growth Rate
Figure Becton Dickinson and Co.(US) Revenue Market Share 2019-2024
Table Business Overview
Table QIAGEN N.V.(Germany) Profile
Table Product Overview
Table QIAGEN N.V.(Germany) Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Sales, Price, Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Figure QIAGEN N.V.(Germany) Sales and Growth Rate
Figure QIAGEN N.V.(Germany) Revenue Market Share 2019-2024
Table Business Overview
Table Affymetrix Inc.(US) Profile
Table Product Overview
Table Affymetrix Inc.(US) Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Sales, Price, Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Figure Affymetrix Inc.(US) Sales and Growth Rate
Figure Affymetrix Inc.(US) Revenue Market Share 2019-2024
Table Business Overview
Table Johnson & Johnson(US) Profile
Table Product Overview
Table Johnson & Johnson(US) Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Sales, Price, Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Figure Johnson & Johnson(US) Sales and Growth Rate
Figure Johnson & Johnson(US) Revenue Market Share 2019-2024
Table Business Overview
Table Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.(US) Profile
Table Product Overview
Table Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.(US) Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Sales, Price, Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Figure Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.(US) Sales and Growth Rate
Figure Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.(US) Revenue Market Share 2019-2024
Table Business Overview
Table GE Healthcare(England) Profile
Table Product Overview
Table GE Healthcare(England) Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Sales, Price, Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Figure GE Healthcare(England) Sales and Growth Rate
Figure GE Healthcare(England) Revenue Market Share 2019-2024
Table Business Overview
Table Life Technologies Corp.(US) Profile
Table Product Overview
Table Life Technologies Corp.(US) Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Sales, Price, Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Figure Life Technologies Corp.(US) Sales and Growth Rate
Figure Life Technologies Corp.(US) Revenue Market Share 2019-2024
Table Business Overview
Table Luminex Corp.(US) Profile
Table Product Overview
Table Luminex Corp.(US) Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Sales, Price, Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Figure Luminex Corp.(US) Sales and Growth Rate
Figure Luminex Corp.(US) Revenue Market Share 2019-2024
Table Business Overview
Table Cepheid Inc.(US) Profile
Table Product Overview
Table Cepheid Inc.(US) Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Sales, Price, Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Figure Cepheid Inc.(US) Sales and Growth Rate
Figure Cepheid Inc.(US) Revenue Market Share 2019-2024
Table Business Overview
Table Allegro Diagnostics Corp.(Brazil) Profile
Table Product Overview
Table Allegro Diagnostics Corp.(Brazil) Next Generation Cancer Diagnostic Devices Sales, Price, Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Figure Allegro Diagnostics Corp.(Brazil) Sales and Growth Rate
Figure Allegro Diagnostics Corp.(Brazil) Revenue Market Share 2019-2024
Table Business Overview
Table Research Findings and Conclusion